country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competiton in which there are several evenly-matched participants; hotly-contested game (match, market, etc.)
Musashi (former province located in parts of present-day Tokyo, Kanagawa and Saitama prefectures)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
goal; basket (basketball); finishing line; Gaul
finally; at last; ultimately; in the end
same score; deadlock; tie; draw
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to be compensated; to make up for one's losses
heavy machinery; heavy equipment; heavy machine gun
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to tear; to rip; to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach; to defeat; to beat; to break (e.g. silence)
supervision; control; superintendence; director; superintendent; supervisor
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
plan; policy; means; fifth principle of the Eight Principles of Yong; right upward flick
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; to (e.g. "winning a game five to three"); equal footing
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
to hold (in one's hand); to take (into one's hand); to own; to obtain
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
brocade; fine dress; fine clothes
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
by any chance; (should) it happen (that); by some chance
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah