(computer) monitor; consumer who comments on products, television programs, etc. (programmes); program or utility that monitors a program or activity
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Kanto; region consisting of Tokyo and surrounding prefectures; Kanto; north-eastern half of Japan (during the feudal era)
mass meeting; convention; tournament; competition; grand event
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
blocking (e.g. the way); obstructing; block (lump of something (usu. square), area of town, etc.); block; physical record (e.g. on magnetic tape); concrete block; blocking (from view, esp. of websites, on social media, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
national convention; national competition; national athletic meet
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
being the runner-up; finishing second
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
all-purpose; utility; universal; all-powerful; almighty; omnipotent
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
dry riverbed; river beach
educational institution; school; academy; campus
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
overall victory; championship
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to hold back (e.g. emotions); to rein in (e.g. a horse, unruly people); to get the better of; to control; to command
advance (into a new market or stage of progress); launching (a new career or venture); expanding (into a new market); stepping forward; emerging
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
don't you think?; indicates question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
adds force or indicates command
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr