one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
silence; being silent; quiet; reticence; inaction
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
be considered; be deemed; be thought to be
noisy; loud; boisterous; turbulent; unsettled; restless
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
evening; night; dinner; evening meal; counter for nights
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
river; stream; River; the ... river
tedium; boredom; dullness; to feel bored; to get bored with; to get tired of
bamboo grass; generally smaller species of running bamboo that do not shed their sheaths (e.g. Sasa spp.)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
Christoff; Christoph; Christophe; Kristof
persistent; obstinate; tenacious; relentless; insistent; importunate
immersing oneself in; being absorbed in; devoting oneself to; giving oneself up entirely to
happiness; well-being; joy; welfare; blessedness
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
to punish; to penalize; to penalise
while; during; while; although; all; both
to be angry; to resent; to be enraged; to be indignant
condolence; regret; tribute; sorrow; sympathy; lament
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking