civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
stratum; geological formation; layer; bed (coal, gravel, etc.)
placed one upon another; piled up; excellent; splendid; superimposition; superposition
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
firm; strong; solid; stable
unity; union; solidarity; combination; teaming up
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
formation; molding; making up; repair (e.g. plastic surgery); replacement; -plasty
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
in that way; thus; so; so?
pole; rod; line; dash; spoken monotonously
those (near the second person)
one by one; each; every; at intervals of
various; a variety of; all kinds of; many; diverse
system; organization; organisation; architecture
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
appearance; arrival; make one's appearance
extinction; extinguishment; disappearance; annihilation
resistance; opposition; reluctance; repulsion; resistance; drag
exercise; physical training; appeal; campaign; motion; movement
to name; to call; to christen; to term
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
sunlight; sunshine; sunbeams
to shine; to glitter; to sparkle
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
remarkable; striking; obvious
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
considerably; fairly; quite