Qin dynasty (of China; 221-207 BCE); Ch'in dynasty
to destroy; to overthrow; to wreck; to ruin
(arch.) switch (long, tender shoot of a plant); switch (cane used for flogging)
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
basics; fundamentals; basis; foundation
as you were; return to your original position!; er, rather
to say; to tell; to state; to do
low-ranking soldier; graduation; moving on (from); outgrowing (something); low-ranking samurai (1870-1872); death (of a noble, etc.)
be (that) as it may; having said that
to discern (e.g. right from wrong); to discriminate; to distinguish; to know (manners, one's place, etc.); to understand; to bear in mind
self-condemnation; self-reproach; self-accusation
to lament; to grieve; to regret; to deplore
yours sincerely; respectfully yours
sigh (of grief, disappointment, etc.); grieving; lamenting; deploring
descendant; posterity; offspring
apathetic; lackadaisical; spiritless; physically weak; feeble; effeminate
(entering into) nirvana; died; silent; tranquil
native Japanese reading of a Chinese character; precept; lesson; one's teachings
push; pushing; weight; pressure; authority; forcefulness
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
money-making; commercialized; commercialised
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
to stiffen; to become stiff
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
digestion (of food); digestion (of information); assimilation; consumption; absorption; (arch.) losing one's form and turning into something else
headquarters; general staff
to go around; to return; to surround; to concern (usu. of disputes)
1000 ri; (a) long distance
farmer; peasant; farming; the common people
public order; public peace; public security; law and order
to harden; to freeze; to put together; to collect; to make secure; to stabilize; to fortify
virtue; benevolence; profit; benefit
to take the name of; to call oneself; to pretend; to feign; to purport
posterity; future generations
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that
state; country; nation; tutelary deity; god of grain