stone; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); stone (in go); stone (in the bladder, kidney etc.); calculus
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
used item; secondhand item; old; used; previous
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
turret; watchtower; high wooden stage; scaffolding; wooden frame (of a kotatsu); yagura
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
denotes uncertainty; such things as A and B; A and B and so on; A and B and the like
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out; to be away from (e.g. one's house); to leave (temporarily); to dawn
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
soon; before long; shortly thereafter
loose articles (not packaged with other things); bulk items; individual items; coins; small change
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
citizen; resident; person; user (of a website, esp. as a collective, e.g. Twittersphere)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
and; or; and the like; and so forth; and what not
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
before long; soon; almost; nearly; finally; in the end
formal; proper; prescribed; conventional; stereotypical
mode of life; ecology; (animal) territory
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
neighborhood; vicinity; environs; approaching
whole area; whole region; stretch (of land); tract; belt
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass (of time); to elapse
basket (shopping, etc.); hamper; cage
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become