supervision; control; superintendence; director; superintendent; supervisor
duty; responsibility (incl. supervision of staff); liability; onus
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
child rearing; child raising; raising children; parenting
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
knowing; (an) acquaintance
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
pregnancy; conception; gestation
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to spring; to jump up; to fly up; to skip
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
weapon; arms; ordnance; weapon (something used to gain an advantage); asset
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
head (chief, director) of a section or department; head of a (school) club; head of a (school) team
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
quickly; at once; right away; hurriedly
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
incompetence; inefficiency; inability; incompetent person
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
to mind (negative nuance); to care about; to worry; to pay undue (amount of) attention to (something)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; (not) any
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat