indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ringleader; mastermind; leader (of a plot)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
society; the world; the times
to appear on the market; to be in season (e.g. fruit); to circulate widely; to make the rounds; to go around
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
adviser; advisor; consultant
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
junior (at work, school, etc.); younger people; younger student
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
intersection; crossing; crossroad; street corner; street
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that day; the very same day
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
time; hour; period; class
beachfront park; park by the sea
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to threaten; to menace; to frighten (into doing)
recollection; retrospection; reflection; reminiscence
tobacco; cigarette; cigaret; tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
beginning; outset; first; onset
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine