junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to hate; to dislike; to loathe
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
consequence; outcome; result; blame
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
video (esp. digital); video clip; animation; animated cartoon; in-betweens (animation)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to take (a photo); to record (video, audio, etc.); to make (a film)
to expose (to the sun, public, danger, etc.); to bleach; to refine; to rinse (vegetables); to soak; to doxx
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to steal; to plagiarize; to steal (a technique, idea, etc.); to do stealthily; to do during scant time; to steal a base
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leak out (a secret); to be exposed (a lie, improper behaviour, etc.); to be found out; to get away (of fish)
to feel nervous; to feel afraid; to be startled; to be surprised; (arch.) to be shy; (arch.) to be bashful
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to smoke; to breathe in; to suck; to sip; to absorb; to soak up
time; hour; period; class
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
till; to; concerning (an area of expertise); swearing by (one's sword, God, etc.)