house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
quarrel; brawl; fight; squabble; scuffle; argument
master (of a house, shop, etc.); husband; sir; boss; patron of a mistress, geisha, bar or nightclub hostess; sugar daddy
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to feel; to sense; to experience
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
exactly; precisely; just; as if; as though; quite
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to strike; to hit; to beat; to punch
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
in this way; thus; such; uh...
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
how; in what way; how about
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")