indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together; at the same time; same; identical
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
bad (taste); unpalatable; poor; unskillful; ugly; unattractive
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
meeting; rendezvous; encounter; confluence
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
making a round trip; going and returning; round-trip ticket; return ticket; correspondence; exchanging (letters)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
for work; in a manner related to work
love; love-making; passion; emotion; affections