older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am; older girl
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
method; manner; appearance; air; tendency; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
suffix for familiar person
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to send out; to forward; to show (a person) out
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
of course; certainly; naturally
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; death (usu. of a relative); bereavement
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
safe (e.g. choice); secure; innocuous; acceptable; passable; satisfactory
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
desire; wish; request; entreaty; prayer; (written) application
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
honorific/polite/humble prefix
undutifulness to one's parents; lack of filial piety
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)