indicates two contrasting actions; (arch.) indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
reopening; resumption; restarting
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
suffix for familiar person
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to gratefully accept
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
smell (esp. a good smell); fragrance; scent; aroma; perfume
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
heart; guts; nerve; central part
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to the last; persistency; thoroughness
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
in addition; furthermore; above (which); on top of (which)