indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to take someone (to some place); to take someone along; to lead someone away
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to manufacture; to produce; to raise (crops); to invent; to dream up; to create
convenient; handy; useful
tool; implement; means; furniture
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
myself; yourself; I; me; you
thinking; thought; idea; notion; intention; plan
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
weapon; arms; ordnance; weapon (something used to gain an advantage); asset
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed