this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
leaving out; omitting; skipping; (beating) in succession; in a row
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
willingly; voluntarily; on one's own accord
tune; tone; vein; mood; condition; state of health
to say enough (as much as required); to say plenty; to say well; to say cleverly; to say often; to say frequently
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
sorry; excuse me; thank you
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to exchange; to swap; to barter; to replace; to substitute
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
unwillingly; grudgingly; shaking head in refusal (like a child); no!; no no!
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
keep ...-ing; have been ...-ing; leaving (something) on; leaving (something) still in use
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
to look down on (someone); to make fun of; to put down; to treat with contempt; to underestimate