at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
hey!; wait a minute!; whoa!; boohoo; waaaa
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to separate; to part; to divide; to keep apart
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
two persons; two people; pair; couple
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
indeed; really; absolutely; truly; actually; very
very interesting; of great interest
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
benevolence (esp. as a virtue of Confucianism); consideration; human; kernel; nucleolus
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
number one; first; best; most; game; round
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
wife (esp. one's own wife); court lady; female court attache; (arch.) woman (esp. as a love interest)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...