indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to betray; to turn traitor to; to double-cross
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to rely on; to depend on; to count on; to turn to (for help)
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
ignorant of the ways of the world
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!