indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to make a mistake; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
way of eating; how to eat
primary school; elementary school; grade school
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
boy; son; baby boy; young man
to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after
serious; honest; sober; grave; earnest; steady
clumsy; awkward; tactless; awkward (e.g. socially); (arch.) mean; (arch.) cowardly
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
misfortune; bad luck; ill luck; ill fortune
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
please (give me); please (do for me)
wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor