to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
way of eating; how to eat
now; the present time; just now; another; more
incredible; unbelievable; terrific; impressive
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof