indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
to abate; to decrease; to diminish; to shorten
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
to turn up; to make an appearance; to put in an appearance; to drop by
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
adjustment; regulation; coordination; reconciliation; tuning; fixing
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
friend of a mother who is also a mother; mothers who are friends
being left out; being ostracized
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
leader; reader; reading book; reader (i.e. someone who reads); microreader; dotted line (in printing)
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
papa; dad; daddy; sugar daddy
at present; currently; so far; for now; for the time being
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
in that way; thus; so; so?
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.); to face (e.g. east) (of a building, window, etc.); to look out on; to point (of an arrow, compass needle, etc.); to be suited to
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!