first shrine visit of New Year
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
in that way; thus; so; so?
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
greed; craving; desire; appetite; hunger; avarice
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
one's own child; one's own children
while; during; while; although; all; both
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)