father; dad; husband; you; he
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
joint ownership; co-ownership; sharing (e.g. a viewpoint); sharing (files, devices on a network, posts on social media, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
human experiment; human experimentation; experiment on a living person
visit (from abroad); introduction (from abroad); importation
Naniwa (former name for Osaka region)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
head (chief, director) of a section or department; head of a (school) club; head of a (school) team
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
normalcy; normality; normal
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
human rights; civil liberties
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed