man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
crown prince; Prince Shōtoku
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa); yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata); Japanese mallotus (Mallotus japonicus); printing block; catalpa bow; catalpa medium
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
image (in one's mind); impression; (computer) image; depiction (e.g. of a product); rendition
dawn; daybreak; event (e.g. "in the event of ..."); occasion; occurrence
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
hiragana; cursive Japanese syllabary used primarily for native Japanese words (esp. function words, inflections, etc.)
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
beginning; outset; first; onset
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
heave-ho; oops; yes; yeah
now; soon; already; yet; further; more