Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
photography (still or motion); photographing; filming; shooting; (video) recording
rest; recess; vacation; holiday; dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
hot spring; onsen; hot spring resort; hot spring spa
entering; setting (of the Sun); containing; content; income; beginning
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to carry off; to run away with; to sweep away; to take entirely for oneself; to monopolize
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
violet (any flower of genus Viola, esp. the Fuji dawn, Viola mandshurica)
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
to set (sun); to become dark
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
promptly; immediately; quickly; indifferently
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
please (give me); please (do for me)
until now; so far; up to the present
near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)