indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
bank; banking institution
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (as); to act (as); to conduct a religious service
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
temporary staff recruitment agency; employment agency
space; room; vacancy; opening; free time; time to spare
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
motorcycle; motorbike; bicycle
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
card (information, filing, etc.); card (greetings, congratulations, etc.); (Western) playing cards; credit card; debit card; match; game
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
revolving payments; payment via multiple installments
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
Ginza (shopping district in Tokyo); (Edo period) silver mint
club; fraternity; sorority; clubhouse
management; administration; operation; running (business); conducting
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
progress; advance; improvement; development