time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to detain; to check; to restrain
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to gratefully accept
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
absurd; unreasonable; excessive; very; extremely; excessively
regret; repentance; remorse
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to pull; to tug; to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest); to draw back (e.g. one's hand); to draw in (one's chin, stomach, etc.); to draw (a card, mahjong tile, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
lesson; precept; teachings; moral
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
roughly; approximately; (cutting) in one stroke; (breaking apart) with vigour; (cutting) deeply; (splitting) wide open
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise