quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
shade; shadow; behind (something); other side; background; behind the scenes
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
humour; humor; safety; health; in a good mood; in high spirits
how; in what way; how about; questionable
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
shape; form; appearance; state; situation; suitable
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
shape; form; appearance; state; situation; suitable
that's good; that's nice; like (on social media); is that clear?; OK?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hand game (e.g. rock-paper-scissors)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
senior high school; high school
examination; quiz; test; tryout; rehearsal (in filming)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
fishing; angling; change (for a purchase); clickbaiting; trolling; writing deliberately inflammatory posts online
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
honorific/polite/humble prefix
when it comes to; concerning (an area of expertise)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
river; stream; River; the ... river