indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
running (of a car, bus, etc.); traveling; travelling; running (of a program)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
stoppage; coming to a stop; ceasing (movement, activity, etc.); suspension (of operations); suspension (of payment, licence, etc.); (temporary) prohibition
fish gong; fish wood block; temple block; round, hollow, wood block (vaguely fish-shaped, usu. with scales), struck while chanting sutras
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to sound; to ring; to resound; to echo; to roar; to rumble
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
foot of a mountain; base of a mountain; mine; colliery; owner of a mountain; operator of a mine
holding on to; sticking to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
clicking one's tongue; tut-tut; smacking one's lips (with relish)
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to touch; to feel; to get involved (with); to approach; to be harmful to; to hinder
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
being taken aback; state of shock; dumbfoundedness
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
bonze; monk; monk's dwelling; boy; son; I; me
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
business conditions; the market; good (economic) times; prosperity; liveliness; energy
to get worse; to deteriorate; to go from bad to worse; to spoil (of food); to go bad; to perish
stimulant; pep-pill; shabu; upper; speed