at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
keep ...-ing; have been ...-ing; leaving (something) on; leaving (something) still in use
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
member; participant; attendee; lineup (sport)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
complaint; troubles; objection; grievance
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to project; to stand out; to jut out; to protrude
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
attitude; manner; behaviour; attitude (towards an issue, etc.); position; stance
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
way; method; means; resource; course
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
absurd; unreasonable; extreme; senseless; disorderly; chaotic
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to go mad; to lose one's mind; to get out of order; to go amiss; to go wrong (of a plan or expectation, etc.); to fall through
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to fall in love (with); to love
inspection (e.g. customs, factory); examination; scan (e.g. MRI, PET, etc.)
occasionally; once in a while; now and then; rarely; seldom
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
four; four years of age; ten o'clock (old time system); Burakumin; cross grips
existence; possession; having; limited company
suffix for familiar person
cheers; bottoms-up; toast; drink (in celebration or in honor of something); drinking one's glass dry
all present; all concerned; all of us