indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Japanese spindletree (Euonymus japonicus)
common hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum); Analipus japonicus (species of brown alga)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
order; turn; sorting; obedient; docile; submissive
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
(please) try to; (please) look; seeing; looking
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to shine; to glitter; to sparkle
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shine on; to illuminate; to compare (with); to refer to
joy; delight; rapture; pleasure; gratification; rejoicing
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to deliver; to forward; to send; to report; to notify; to file notice (to the authorities)
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name); inferior; younger (of two people with the same name)
cabin attendant; flight attendant; Certification Authority; CA; carbohydrate antigen; chronological age
Ninomiya Kazunari (1983.6.17-)
(arch.) second-born imperial prince; second most important provincial shrine
style; way; shape; form; appearance; state
high (e.g. spirits); merry; high; high (i.e. feeling of extreme pleasure)
man; male; masculine gender
fan; enthusiast; lover (of); fan (e.g. electric)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; storm (e.g. of protest)