pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
now that; since; as long as; provided that
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
thank you for your hard work; good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
tension; mental strain; nervousness
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
living thing; living creature; animal; life
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
task; (doing a) bit of work; difficult task; hard work
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
once; for a short time; briefly; (arch.) one morning
degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.); counter for occurrences; strength (of glasses); glasses prescription; alcohol content (percentage); alcohol by volume; extent
maximum; max; mux (multiplexor)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
before very long; soon; someday; of the previously mentioned; of that number; among them
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; one's emotions; one's feelings; nervousness
flapping sound (of wings); fluttering; hum (of insects); whizz (of a flying arrow); whoosh
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to throw into disorder; to disarrange; to disturb (order, peace, etc.); to corrupt (public morals); to dishevel (hair)
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)