existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pig (Sus scrofa domesticus); pork; fatso; fatty
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
edge; brink; verge; time; moment of
-ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going"); doing such things as...; expresses a command; (arch.) to be; (arch.) indicates completion or continuation of an action
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
chip; microchip; chip (in poker, roulette, etc.); casino token; chip (shot); (wood) chip
counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper); (arch.) counter for positions or roles; (arch.) counter for food portions (now only gyōza and soba); counter for ranking level
to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
with a bang bang (sound of a hammer or gunfire); at a mad pace (spend money, work); with great vigor
to get carried away; to get overly elated; to become over-excited; to get up to speed; to move into gear
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
adds force or indicates command
only; merely; but; no more than
once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
easy; simple; there's no way that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
act of violence; violent behavior