voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fan; enthusiast; lover (of); fan (e.g. electric)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to be effective; to take effect; to work; to function well; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
entertainer (esp. boy band or girl group member) whose image is manufactured to cultivate a dedicated consumer fan following; Japanese idol; (cultural) icon; idol; idol (object of worship); image
to settle down; to stay (for good); to stay long; to stay on
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
in name only; titular; nominal
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)
director; executive; officer; official; person in charge
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
snake; serpent; large snake
to show signs of; to appear
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
pillow; bolster; introduction (e.g. to a rakugo story); lead-in
underground website (often critical or containing unofficial information)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
assembly hall; meeting place; venue; grounds
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)