indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
hack; inferior horse; inferior person; incapable person
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to knit; to plait; to braid; to compile (anthology, dictionary, etc.); to edit
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
The End; Finis; completion; conclusion; providing fully
ought to have been; was ... right?; to do for (inferiors)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
perception; intuition; the sixth sense
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right; correct; proper; righteous; just
sweetness; sugary taste; sweets; dessert; charm; appeal
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
administrator; janitor; manager; custodian; executor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
how; in what way; how about
dorayaki; dessert sandwich of two small sweet pancakes and red bean paste
honorific/polite/humble prefix
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that...
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
it is not (like that) either
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
the other day; a few days ago
private affairs; personal matter
bag; sack; skin of an orange (and other like fruits); dead end; plot of land surrounded by water
basement of a department store (where foodstuffs are usually sold)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with