to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
people; men and women; each person; everybody
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
business hours; opening hours; office hours
twelve o'clock; noon; midnight
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
dining room; dining hall; cafeteria; restaurant; eatery; snack bar
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
wall clock; grandfather clock
to sound; to ring; to resound; to echo; to roar; to rumble
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese
old man; venerable gentleman
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to be needed; to be wanted
bow-wow; woof; wah-wah; bawling; clamouring; clamoring
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
adds force or indicates command
honorific/polite/humble prefix
letter; missive; note; mail
to distribute; to hand out; to deliver; to allot; to allocate; to place (staff, soldiers, etc.)