elm bark clothes traditionally worn by the Ainu; elm bark textile
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
third day of the month; three days
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
idle complaint; grumble; moha (ignorance, folly)
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
from now; from the present moment; from this time forward; henceforth
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
party (gathering, celebration, etc.); party (group, political, etc.)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
confession; acknowledgement; confession of love; professing one's feelings; confession of sins (e.g. the confessional)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
on board a ship; aboard a ship
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
myself; yourself; I; me; you
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
how; in what way; in what manner
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched