indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
my; one's own; I ...; one ...
arm; skill; efforts; ability
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to make one's way in the world; to earn one's living; to live
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
wandering samurai; soldier of fortune; brigand; mountain-dwelling robber
voice; speech; sound of a voice; sound (e.g. of a TV)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
present age; present day; today; modern era; modern times
haze (esp. in spring); mist; dimness (of sight)
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
(arch.) lowly person; (arch.) lowliness; I
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
moving; touching; stirring
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
kiss scene; kissing scene
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
time; hour; period; class