method; manner; appearance; air; tendency; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
originally; by nature; from the start
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
lightly; gaping wide; suddenly; unexpectedly
to have a hole; to be pierced (with a hole)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
hole; opening; pit; hollow; burrow; den; deficit
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
coolness; calmness; composure; all right; fine; OK
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to bury (e.g. in the ground); to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed; to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to make up for (a loss, shortage, etc.); to make amends
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
grass; weed; (arch.) ninja; not genuine; substandard; LOL
mochi; (sticky) rice cake
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
how; in what way; how about
inside one's heart; in one's mind
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
five characters; five letters; five-syllable verse of a waka, haiku, renga, etc.; first five syllables of a waka, haiku, renga, etc.
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?