Qingdao (China); Tsingtao; Chingtao
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
letter; missive; note; mail
to burn; to burn with (emotion, feeling); to be fired up
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
reason; principle; general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon); (in neo-Confucianism) the underlying principles of the cosmos
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); shamisen; geisha; wheelbarrow; clay bed-warmer; bottom; submissive partner of a homosexual relationship
cry (esp. animal); roar; chirp; tweet; bark; whine
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
winnow; winnowing basket; winnowing fan
ring; circle; hoop; wheel; circle (e.g. of friends)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
kind; sort; type; similar example; parallel; the like
child (esp. a boy); viscount; founder of a school of thought (esp. Confucius); master; masters and philosophers (categorization of Chinese classical literature); (arch.) you; -er (i.e. man who spends all his time doing...)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
please (give me); please (do for me)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
wise saying; famous saying
to let (someone) hear; to tell (e.g. a story); to make (someone) listen; to make (someone) understand; to grip (someone) with skilful singing, storytelling, etc.; to hold (someone) enchanted by
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
hot spring; onsen; hot spring resort; hot spring spa
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays