ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
offender; criminal; culprit
surgery; operation; procedure; skill with one's hands; sleight of hand
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
September; ninth month of the lunar calendar
second day of the month; two days
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
green willow (i.e. one that has budded); meat of the trough shell (Mactra chinensis)
violet (any flower of genus Viola, esp. the Fuji dawn, Viola mandshurica)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
danger; peril; hazard; risk
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
police; police officer; police station
than; from; out of; except; but; more
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to shoot (at); to attack; to defeat; to destroy
(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report
last night; yesterday evening
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season