ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
hospitalization; hospitalisation
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
now; the present time; just now; another; more
in comparison to; rather than
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to need; to call for; to require
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
two persons; two people; pair; couple
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
procedure; process; proceedings; formalities
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh