to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
severance payment; retirement money (usu. lump-sum); redundancy payment
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to stub out (e.g. a cigarette); to crush out; to smother (fire); to hush up; to cover up; to stifle
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
coworker; co-worker; colleague; associate
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to roll up; to hoist; to take away; to rip off (e.g. money from someone); to blow up (dust)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to herd; to drive; to corner; to force someone into doing; to go hard; to push yourself
operating room; operating theatre
devil; demon; Satan; the Devil; Māra; evil spirits or forces that hinder one's path to enlightenment
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
professor; teaching; instruction
equation; formula; ceremony; style; (arch.) enforcement regulations (of the ritsuryo)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
heart; guts; nerve; central part
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
mitral valve; bicuspid valve
surgery; operation; procedure; skill with one's hands; sleight of hand
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...