moat; fosse; canal; ditch
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
cheating at pachinko (for monetary gain; through illegal tampering with the machines, etc.); scamming a pachinko parlor
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
bing-bong bang-bong (Big Ben chimes, used as a bell in Japanese schools)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
door (esp. Japanese-style); shutter; window shutter; (arch.) entrance (to a home); (arch.) narrows
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily