Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to miss (doing); to fail (to do)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
ice; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary
floral pattern; flourish; ornament; star (actor, player, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
unsung hero; person who does a thankless task
-ical; -ive; -like; -ish; (something) like; along the lines of
feeling; sense; impression
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
out of sight; in the background; unnoticed; (lit.) under the veranda
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
I see; that's right; indeed
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
another helping; second helping; seconds; command to have dog place its second paw in one's hand
to obey respectfully; to humble oneself; to sit straight (upright, respectfully, attentively)
until now; so far; up to the present
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
how; in what way; how about
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
please (give me); please (do for me)