indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
by means of; due to; because of; according to
virtual space (e.g. in computer graphics)
Olympia; Olimpia; Olympia
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to put back; to return; to vomit; to throw up; to recover (of a market price)
reality; actuality; hard fact
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
cancellation; rescinding; release; calling off; lifting (sanctions); delisting
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
again; once more; a second time
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
even more; still more; further
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to face; to go towards; to head towards
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to witness; to observe; to catch sight of; to get a glimpse of; to encounter
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
two persons; two people; pair; couple
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
company; association; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
pair of lovers; girlfriend and boyfriend
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
re-; again; repeated; deutero-; deuto-; deuter-
another (person); the other person; one more (person)
myself; yourself; I; me; you