indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
(United States of) America; United States; US; America (land mass); the Americas
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
fondness for women; woman admirer; lustful man; being attractive to women; being a lady-killer
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
at this stage; at this point; now (contrasting with the past)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
how; in what way; how about
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in that way; thus; so; so?