gold (Au); golden (color); valuable; of highest value; money; gold coin; Friday
to take out (e.g. garbage); to put out (e.g. dishes on table); to serve (e.g. meal); to get out (e.g. food from cupboard); to submit (e.g. ideas, opinions); to provide for
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
ostensible (surface) reason
expel the barbarians; expulsion of the foreigners; late Edo period (19th century) revolutionary slogan
clique; group; (political) faction; wing; school; sect
black ships; Western ships that came to Japan between the 16th and 19th centuries, esp. those of the Perry Expedition in 1853; foreign disruptor (of the Japanese market); product, person, etc. arriving from the West and disturbing the Japanese market
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
through; throughout; in the course of; all over or throughout (e.g. a place)
Japanese person; Japanese people
to falter; to flinch (from); to recoil (from); to quail (at)
opportunity; chance; good time (to do); trend; tendency; momentum
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
to do in earnest; to concentrate on; to apply one's mind to
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
to avenge (somebody) by striking down their killer
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
to have (urgent) business; to have something one needs to attend to; to have something one wants to say (to someone)
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
farewell; adieu; goodbye; so long
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
respect; esteem; reverence; honour; honor
annotation; commentary; explanatory note
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
imperial court; shogunate government; authorities; public affairs; official; government
founding a country; opening of a country (e.g. Japan) to the world; ending (a policy of) national seclusion
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
wisdom; jnana (higher knowledge)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to court; to woo; to approach defiantly
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
by sheer strength; by brute force
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
there is no way that ...; easy; simple
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
to become familiar with; to fit in; to adapt oneself; to get used to; to grow accustomed to
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...