indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rapids; shallows of a river
thank you for your hard work; good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
synthesis; coordination; putting together; comprehensive
punishable offense; crime
charge; duty; person in charge; connection; linking
thank you for your hard work; I appreciate your efforts
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
dry riverbed; river beach
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
judgement; judgment; appraisal (e.g. of an antique); evaluation; forensics; (criminal) identification
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
clue; lead; key; handhold; hold
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to track down; to locate; to find out; to smoke out; to ferret out; to chase up
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
bonds (between people); (emotional) ties; relationship; tether; fetters
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
circumference; outskirts; environs; (computer) peripheral
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval