previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
major company; big company; front castle gate; force attacking the front of a castle
cosmetics; toilet articles
company; corporation; workplace
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
advertisement; advertising; announcement; notice
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go around; to return; to surround; to concern (usu. of disputes)
grand; heroic; sublime; fierce
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
curtain; bunting; act (in play)
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
beginning; outset; first; onset
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
next term; next period; next version; next release
company president; manager; director
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to regard (as); to recognize (as); to see as; to pay attention to; to watch
special duty; being in sole charge of a duty; senior managing director; executive director
to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
inside the breast of one's clothing (esp. kimono); bosom; space between one's chest and outstretched arms; (one's) reach; heart (e.g. of a mountain); bosom (e.g. of nature)
to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to burst in; to barge in
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
to find out; to discover; to detect
in one go; in one gulp; in one breath; immediately; instantly; right away
dramatic turn-around; major reversal; great comeback; game changer
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
adds force or indicates command
fierce (fight, competition, etc.); severe; hot; hard; bitter; keen
radio (communication); wireless; not using wires
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
this occasion; at this time; now