indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
chief (of police); head (of office)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
citizen; citizenry; city inhabitant; townspeople; bourgeoisie; middle class
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
friend; ally; supporter; taking sides with; supporting; standing by
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
station (esp. a police station); office (e.g. tax office)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
career; carrier (disease, signal, warship, etc.); carrier; telephone company; career government employee
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry; enquiry
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to let go by; to let pass; to overlook; to miss
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
arrest rate; clear-up rate; crime-arrest ratio
zero; 0; nought; nothing; zilch
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
failure; mistake; blunder
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
putting one's life on the line; staking one's life (on); risking one's life; life and death situation
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
attractive; good-looking; stylish; cool; smooth; neat
(police) detective; criminal matter